I want to share my recent experience with an mSata-to-IDE converter.
I bought an adapter on Amazon from the brand "Chenyang" brand for a T22 which I'm restoring. The product listing is a bit vague about the exact product number. It is sold as an mSATA mini PCI to IDE 44-pin adapter.
Although the interface in the T2x ThinkPad seems to be 40-pin IDE, this does not seem to be an issue. Below are some pictures of the product listen and pictures I took with the assembled device.
The adapter carries the (infamous?) JM20330 bridge chip.
The nice thing about this adapter is that it comes with a case. The PCB has similar size to a 2.5-inch drive, and together with the included white plastic case, fully assembled it has the shape of a classic 2.5" disk. This makes the adapter fit well into the ThinkPad HDD bay, after mounting it on the original HDD caddy. Although I had to carefully fiddle a bit before it clicked into the IDE connector.
The mSata SDD (Kingston KC600 256GB) is correctly recognized by the BIOS. I managed to format the drive and copy a basic DOS environment to the HDD from a Win 98 emergency floppy, from which it currently successfully boots. So far, it seems to work well, especially for the modest price. Unfortunately, I haven't really put it to the test at this moment. I will try to report in more detail on its performance and stability once I have a proper OS (Win 98 SE probably) installed.
Also interesting to note: there is no use going above 128 GB as the chipset of the T20-T22 does support LBA48 addressing (according to what I found in my research. I don’t know about the T23). I thus formatted the larger 256 GB disk into a single 128 GB volume.
Adapter, not assembled
Assembled, top view
Assembled, connector/bottom view